have – auxiliary or main verb
Is have an auxiliary or a main verb?
The verb have can be an auxiliary or a main verb in English.
1. have as a main verb
1.1. have as a main verb in the Simple Present (have, has, don't have, doesn't have)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, we, you, they | I have a new guitar. | I don't have a new guitar. | Do I have a new guitar? |
| he, she, it | She has a new guitar. | She doesn't have a new guitar. | Does she have a new guitar? |
1.2. have as a main verb in the Simple Past (had, didn't have)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, he, she, it, we, you, they | I had a new guitar. | I did not have a new guitar. | Did I have a new guitar? |
2. have as an auxiliary and a main verb
2.1. have as an auxiliary and a main verb – Present Perfect (had)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, we, you, they | They have had a nice time. | They haven't had a nice time. | Have they had a nice time? |
| he, she, it | He has had a nice time. | He hasn't had a nice time. | Has he had a nice time? |
2.2. have as an auxiliary and a main verb – Past Perfect (had)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, he, she, it, we, you, they | They had had a nice time. | They hadn't had a nice time. | Had they had a nice time? |
3. have as an auxiliary
3.1. have as an auxiliary in the Present Perfect (past participle)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, we, you, they | I have seen Peter. | I haven't seen Peter. | Have I seen Peter? |
| he, she, it | She has seen Peter. | She hasn't seen Peter. | Has she seen Peter? |
3.2. have as an auxiliary in the Past Perfect (past participle)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, he, she, it, we, you, they | I had seen Peter. | I hadn't seen Peter. | Had I seen Peter? |
3.3. have as an auxiliary in the Future Perfect (past participle)
| Pronouns | Affirmative sentences | Negative sentences | Questions |
|---|---|---|---|
| I, he, she, it, we, you, they | They will have spoken to Peter. | They won't have spoken to Peter. | Will they have spoken to Peter? |