have – auxiliary or main verb
Is have an auxiliary or a main verb?
The verb have can be an auxiliary or a main verb in English.
1. have as a main verb
1.1. have as a main verb in the Simple Present (have, has, don't have, doesn't have)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, we, you, they |
I have a new guitar. |
I don't have a new guitar. |
Do I have a new guitar? |
he, she, it |
She has a new guitar. |
She doesn't have a new guitar. |
Does she have a new guitar? |
1.2. have as a main verb in the Simple Past (had, didn't have)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, he, she, it, we, you, they |
I had a new guitar. |
I did not have a new guitar. |
Did I have a new guitar? |
2. have as an auxiliary and a main verb
2.1. have as an auxiliary and a main verb – Present Perfect (had)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, we, you, they |
They have had a nice time. |
They haven't had a nice time. |
Have they had a nice time? |
he, she, it |
He has had a nice time. |
He hasn't had a nice time. |
Has he had a nice time? |
2.2. have as an auxiliary and a main verb – Past Perfect (had)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, he, she, it, we, you, they |
They had had a nice time. |
They hadn't had a nice time. |
Had they had a nice time? |
3. have as an auxiliary
3.1. have as an auxiliary in the Present Perfect (past participle)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, we, you, they |
I have seen Peter. |
I haven't seen Peter. |
Have I seen Peter? |
he, she, it |
She has seen Peter. |
She hasn't seen Peter. |
Has she seen Peter? |
3.2. have as an auxiliary in the Past Perfect (past participle)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, he, she, it, we, you, they |
I had seen Peter. |
I hadn't seen Peter. |
Had I seen Peter? |
3.3. have as an auxiliary in the Future Perfect (past participle)
Pronouns |
Affirmative sentences |
Negative sentences |
Questions |
I, he, she, it, we, you, they |
They will have spoken to Peter. |
They won't have spoken to Peter. |
Will they have spoken to Peter? |