Kurzformen im Englischen

Lang- und Kurzformen von to be (am, are, is) - ausführliche Erläuterungen

to be (am, are, is)

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
I am	I'm	I am not	I'm not
he, she, it:
he is	he's	he is not	he isn't oder he's not
we, you, they:
we are	we're	we are not	we aren't oder we're not

to be (was, were)

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
I, he, she, it:
he was	-	he was not	he wasn't
we, you, they:
we were	-	we were not	we weren't

have got

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
I, we, you, they:
we have got	we've got	we have not got	we've not got oder we haven't got
he, she, it:
he has got	he's got	he has not got	he's not got oder he hasn't got

had

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
in allen Formen (I, he, she, it, we, you, they):
I had	I'd	I had not	I hadn't

do

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
I, we, you, they:
I do	-	I do not	I don't
he, she, it:
he does	-	he does not	he doesn't

did

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
in allen Formen (I, he, she, it, we, you, they):
I did	-	I did not	I didn't

Modalverben (can, could, must, might, will, would, shall, should, ought to)

bejaht		verneint
Langform	Kurzform	Langform	Kurzform
can	-	cannot	can't
could	-	could not	couldn't
must	-	must not	mustn't
might	-	might not	--
need	-	need not	needn't
will	'll	will not	won't
would	'd	would not	wouldn't
shall	-	shall not	shan't
should	'd	should not	shouldn't
ought to	-	ought not to	oughtn't to

Beachte, dass die Kurzformen 's und 'd jeweils zwei unterschiedliche Langformen haben:
he's = he is oder he has
he'd = he would oder he had

Kurzformen werden selten nach Namen oder Substantiven verwendet.>
Peter has got a book. = Peter's got a book.
The children have visited London. = The children've visited London.

Ist have ein Vollverb, dann darf keine Kurzform gebildet werden.
They have breakfast at 6 o'clock.